The peripheral joints of the human body allow for the movements vital for daily function. When these joints cannot function appropriately, this negatively impacts the individual both from a physical and psychological perspective. Imaging plays an important role in the care spectrum for patients who suffer from conditions affecting the peripheral joints, commonly referred to as peripheral arthritis. The diagnosis of a specific condition can lead to the most appropriate treatment, which includes medication and/or activity modifications, and symptom and functional improvement. Imaging is central to the diagnosis, clinical management, and follow-up of peripheral arthritis. MRI and ultrasound enable early detection of inflammatory changes, whereas radiography remains the cornerstone for assessment of structural bone and joint damage. Ongoing collaboration between radiologists and rheumatologists is paramount to ensure that the imaging findings are translated into early diagnosis and treatment, to avoid irreversible joint damage.