A Smart Meter Data-Driven Real-Time Framework for Fault Detection in Medium-Voltage Power Distribution Grids
摘要
In recent times, there has been a significant evolution in electricity consumption, both in industrial and household. New challenges therefore have to be addressed not only related to load profiles but also related to imposed requirements coming from regulations and developments in standardization. Thus, power quality indicators have evolved to a higher level of limits with stricter compliance, power outages and breakdowns in the power system should be minimized and, even if they occur, they must be eliminated in the shortest possible time. The recent rapid increase in the number of prosumers creates a multitude of unpredictable events in power distribution grids, which can lead to significant and even long-term interruptions. Suport tools are required to identify those events, in real time if possible, based on electrical parameter measurements or estimated states, as well as on events related to the power quality, recorded by power analyzers and smart electricity meters, installed in each distribution power grid nodes. The current paper presents a solution relying on an algorithm that, based on the recordings of voltage curves and of certain events from smart meters, identifies with high precision the location where the event that led to a partial or complete disconnection of a medium-voltage overhead power line occurred. After simulating the algorithm in testbed environment and also evaluated in an operation of a medium-voltage power grid section in Romania, beneficial results, such as reduction of the time for identifying faults in the event of a failure on the medium-voltage power grid and the financial costs, which are inevitable in the case of manual control of the power line, can be highlighted.