With the rapid expansion of digital infrastructure and the growing reliance on data centers, it has become increasingly critical to ensure their efficient and reliable operation through advanced inspection solutions. However, few intelligent inspection robots are specifically designed to operate within the unique constraints of data center environments. These environments are characterized by complex layouts, densely arranged equipment, narrow navigation spaces, and low environmental feature distinctiveness, which hinder effective inspection. While existing solutions have made significant strides in automated inspection, many still face limitations in flexibility, adaptability to complex environments, and cost-efficiency. To address these challenges, we propose a software–hardware co-design featuring a system architecture, specialized hardware interfaces, integrated mapping and navigation algorithms, enabling a more efficient, adaptable, and cost-effective robotic inspection solution tailored for data center operations.