The construction of earthen buildings is an ancient practice that cultures worldwide have used for centuries. These construction methods are experiencing a renaissance due to their sustainability, low cost, and reduced carbon footprint, which are goals to be achieved according to the 2030 Agenda. For this reason, earthen materials have become an attractive option for housing construction in Latin America and initiatives for research programs in Europe. However, several earthquakes have shown that rammed earth and adobe buildings are vulnerable, so this type of construction must have a reinforcement system. Despite regulations for designing and reinforcing earthen buildings in different countries, only Peru and Colombia have conducted comprehensive experimental and numerical research on earthen constructions in Latin America. Using the continent’s top structural laboratories, Colombian and Peruvian researchers have performed shaking table tests on housing modules and pseudo-static tests on entire and half-scale walls to probe different strengthening materials. Some of these reinforcement alternatives have given the earthen houses adequate strength and displacement capacity for moderate to high-intensity earthquakes. Based on the above, this document summarizes and discusses the experimental work conducted by different researchers and the general guidelines for a Latin American standard for the design of earthquake-resistant earthen dwellings, considering the construction methods and reinforcement techniques that have been validated in the continent during the last 50 years.