Western RajasthanWestern Rajasthan, an arid regionArid regions in India, faces severe agricultural challenges due to its harsh climatic conditions, including low and unpredictable rainfall and high temperaturesTemperature, water scarcityWater scarcity, and soil degradationSoil degradation. This research paper highlights various sustainable agricultural practices that have been employed in this region to promote ecological balance, enhance productivity, ensure environmental conservation, and improve livelihoodsLivelihoods. Key strategies include rainwater harvestingRainwater harvesting, soil conservationSoil conservation techniques, the use of droughtDrought-resistant crops, and agroforestryAgroforestry. By analyzing traditional methods, modern innovations, and policy interventions, this research paper emphasizes the need for integrating traditional knowledgeTraditional knowledge with modern agricultural practices to develop resilient farming systems in arid landscapes. It also aims to provide a detailed overview of effective strategies for sustainable agricultureSustainable agriculture in drylandDrylands areas, with implications for similar regions globally.