This research focuses on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in digital design education, designing and implementing an intelligent teaching system. The system adopts a layered architecture and integrates core functional modules such as personalized learning path generation, intelligent assignment assessment, and real-time learning analytics. Through data collection and processing, optimization of intelligent algorithms, and user interface design, the system achieves intelligence and personalization. Performance testing indicates that the system has good stability and scalability. Teaching effectiveness evaluations show that students using this system have significant improvements in course completion rates, exam scores, and learning satisfaction. The research results provide practical references for the application of AI technology in design education and are of significant importance for promoting the development of intelligent and personalized design education.