This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the classical techniques used in cardiac surgery, with a particular emphasis on the traditional surgical methods that formed the basis for the development of modern cardiac interventions. Operative steps, associated risks, and preventive measures to avoid complications are explained step by step. The chapter discusses the technique of reoperation through median sternotomy, details the procedure of cardioplegia administration, and describes the surgical technique of establishing cardiopulmonary bypass. The material is useful both for medical students and cardiac surgery residents, providing a solid foundation for understanding classical cardiac surgery.