Cutting-Edge Technology and Tools
摘要
This chapter explores the integration of cutting-edge technologies in structural cardiac interventions, focusing on robotic surgery, extended reality (XR), digital simulation, and three-dimensional (3D) printing. Robotic-assisted procedures have transitioned from early mitral repairs to a broader range of applications, including tricuspid valve interventions and atrial septal defect closures, offering precise control and smaller incisions. Also, XR platforms, such as virtual and augmented reality, enhanced the visual assessment of complex cardiac anatomy, improving procedural planning and intraoperative orientation, particularly in congenital and reoperative cases. Patient-specific simulations and 3D-printed cardiac models have further refined decision-making by allowing teams to examine detailed anatomical structures and test interventional strategies using real clinical data. These technologies not only contribute to safer procedures but also support more informed, collaborative planning. Despite their advantages, challenges remain, including high costs, integration complexity, and the need for larger clinical trials. This chapter presents a critical, evidence-based overview of these tools, offering clinicians and researchers insights into their practical use and future directions in minimally invasive cardiac care.