By virtue of their surface chemistry, artificial nanoparticulate materials known as nanozymes can replicate the biological functions of enzymes. The degree of specificity with which enzymes catalyze biological processes is quite great. Lactate, glucose, cholesterol, and horseradish peroxidase are a few examples. This has led to the development of several commercial applications for enzymes that are not found in their natural habitats. Similar to enzymes, nanozymes have been synthesized and used in a variety of industrial settings. However, compared to enzymes, nanozymes are less expensive to produce, filter, store, and use again over time. In fungal infections, oxidative enzymes are mimicked by nanozymes, which produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage fungal cell walls and membranes. Additionally, they work in concert with antifungal medications to increase their efficacy and reduce the likelihood of resistance developing. Nanozymes function as potent oxidants or reductants in parasitic infections, identifying key pathways in parasites for growth and survival inhibition and disruption. In addition to their antibacterial properties, nanozymes’ immunomodulatory potential helps to boost the host immune system for effective infection management. Nanozymes’ biocompatibility and ability to target pathogens through surface modification further enhance their therapeutic potential. Concurrently, hybrid nanozymes that combine catalytic and drug delivery capabilities have been developed as a result of the expanding field of nanotechnology, enhancing their specific antifungal and antiparasitic properties. The mechanisms, uses, and upcoming advancements of nanozymes to combat parasitic and fungal illnesses are covered. The potential to solve the existing treatment hurdles in the future positions them as a game changer when it comes to addressing the aided development of antimicrobial resistance globally.

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Nanozymes in Fungal and Parasitic Infections

  • Raj Kamal,
  • Ankit Awasthi,
  • Thakur Gurjeet Singh,
  • Satish Patnaik

摘要

By virtue of their surface chemistry, artificial nanoparticulate materials known as nanozymes can replicate the biological functions of enzymes. The degree of specificity with which enzymes catalyze biological processes is quite great. Lactate, glucose, cholesterol, and horseradish peroxidase are a few examples. This has led to the development of several commercial applications for enzymes that are not found in their natural habitats. Similar to enzymes, nanozymes have been synthesized and used in a variety of industrial settings. However, compared to enzymes, nanozymes are less expensive to produce, filter, store, and use again over time. In fungal infections, oxidative enzymes are mimicked by nanozymes, which produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage fungal cell walls and membranes. Additionally, they work in concert with antifungal medications to increase their efficacy and reduce the likelihood of resistance developing. Nanozymes function as potent oxidants or reductants in parasitic infections, identifying key pathways in parasites for growth and survival inhibition and disruption. In addition to their antibacterial properties, nanozymes’ immunomodulatory potential helps to boost the host immune system for effective infection management. Nanozymes’ biocompatibility and ability to target pathogens through surface modification further enhance their therapeutic potential. Concurrently, hybrid nanozymes that combine catalytic and drug delivery capabilities have been developed as a result of the expanding field of nanotechnology, enhancing their specific antifungal and antiparasitic properties. The mechanisms, uses, and upcoming advancements of nanozymes to combat parasitic and fungal illnesses are covered. The potential to solve the existing treatment hurdles in the future positions them as a game changer when it comes to addressing the aided development of antimicrobial resistance globally.