Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a vital worldwide health issue that develops when microorganisms build resistance to existing antimicrobial therapies. This phenomenon endangers both public health and modern medicine while affecting all economies on the global stage. AMR develops from three main sources which include the excessive and wrong utilization of antimicrobials in healthcare and agricultural settings along with inadequate infection control practices and environmental exposures. Microorganisms develop resistance through different mechanisms which involve mutations, horizontal gene transfer, biofilms and drug expulsion pumps. AMR creates substantial medical complications by extending patient deaths and extending hospital admissions at increased healthcare prices which subsequently endangers vital procedures including cancer treatments and surgeries. The list of resistant microorganisms includes multidrug-resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) together with antifungal and antiviral-resistant pathogens. Multiple solutions are needed to fight antimicrobial resistance which consists of promoting antimicrobial prescription responsibility, strengthening hygiene practices and creating funding for new drug development. The World Health Organization (WHO) leads global efforts with its action plans, while organizations promote both national and international regulations and public education programs.