The heritage of education is a component of cultural heritage and includes movable and immovable cultural assets with all tangible and intangible values related to education. Within the scope of the International Day of Monuments and Sites organised by ICOMOS in 2013, the determination of the ‘Heritage of Education’ theme drew attention to educational buildings and the conservation of this heritage. In this study, nineteenth century schools in the Thrace of Türkiye are evaluated within the scope of educational heritage. Many of these structures have survived to the present day, and some are still used for educational purposes. This study focuses on the conservation of historic schools and their contribution to sustainability. Preserving educational heritage structures not only preserves cultural identity but also reduces environmental impact and resource consumption by avoiding demolition and new construction. Additionally, maintaining these structures helps protect the social fabric of their communities. The study also explores the relevance of educational heritage conservation in relation to the United Nations’ 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It demonstrates how preserving such heritage can directly and indirectly support several SDGs. By analysing local cases from Turkish Thrace, this research contributes to a broader understanding of how educational heritage supports sustainability goals at both regional and global scales.