Accurate segmentation of pediatric brain tumors in MRI is essential for diagnosis, treatment planning, and response assessment. In this study, we investigate uncertainty-aware segmentation of multi-subregion pediatric gliomas using the BraTS-PEDs 2025 dataset. Leveraging the nnUNet v2 framework, we establish a strong baseline and conduct a series of ablation experiments to assess the impact of technical modifications in the design of the pipelines. Key contributions include the use of skull stripping (SynthStrip), atlas-based brain subregion masking (SynthSeg), and an ensemble-based cropping approach guided by whole tumor segmentation. We also evaluate synthetic channel augmentation and multi-task learning with auxiliary skull stripping, though these did not yield performance gains. A voxel-wise ensemble framework is used to identify spatial uncertainty. Results show that whole tumor segmentation and region-specific cropping significantly improve subregion Dice scores, particularly for enhancing and non-enhancing tumor regions. All code, exploratory data analysis outputs, and experiment results are made publicly available to support reproducibility and further research.

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Enabling Uncertainty Measurement in Multi-subregion Tumor Segmentation: BraTS 2025 Pediatrics

  • Khashayar Namdar,
  • Saeidehsadat Mirjalili,
  • Sangwook Kim,
  • Dominik Deniffel,
  • Keith Brunt,
  • Leo Anthony Celi,
  • Michael Cusimano,
  • Pascal Tyrrell

摘要

Accurate segmentation of pediatric brain tumors in MRI is essential for diagnosis, treatment planning, and response assessment. In this study, we investigate uncertainty-aware segmentation of multi-subregion pediatric gliomas using the BraTS-PEDs 2025 dataset. Leveraging the nnUNet v2 framework, we establish a strong baseline and conduct a series of ablation experiments to assess the impact of technical modifications in the design of the pipelines. Key contributions include the use of skull stripping (SynthStrip), atlas-based brain subregion masking (SynthSeg), and an ensemble-based cropping approach guided by whole tumor segmentation. We also evaluate synthetic channel augmentation and multi-task learning with auxiliary skull stripping, though these did not yield performance gains. A voxel-wise ensemble framework is used to identify spatial uncertainty. Results show that whole tumor segmentation and region-specific cropping significantly improve subregion Dice scores, particularly for enhancing and non-enhancing tumor regions. All code, exploratory data analysis outputs, and experiment results are made publicly available to support reproducibility and further research.