Algeria’s objectives in its direct vicinity are clearly designated: self-determination referendum for the Sahrawi people, inter-Libyan dialogue and general elections in Libya, and stability in Tunisia and Mauritania, but the reality is in stark contrast with these aspirations (opposition of Morocco and of some Libyan sides to any Algerian regional leadership), and Algeria’s ability to change the regional context remains elusive. Algeria was historically one of the leaders of Pan-Africanism and African integration, seeking African solutions to African problems, and acting resolutely for the benefit of Africa’s peoples. Nowadays, Algeria still has the ambition of remaining one of the leading actors in Africa, through many initiatives and proposals, and to remain a stabilizing actor in the Sahara-Sahel.