Sun and Beach Tourism: What Pressures Are on Water Resources? A PESTLE and SWOT Analysis
摘要
Sun and beach tourism puts significant pressure on water resources in coastal zones due to exploitation in response to high water demand from tourists, hotels, and tourism-related businesses, and ineffective management. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-stakeholder approach that involves policymakers, tourism businesses, and local communities to promote sustainable water management practices, mainly during the high season. Besides, the analysis indicates that water consumption varies based on the context of tourism and luxury levels, where luxury tourists tend to consume more water than residents. It is concluded that there is a lack of management transparency as stakeholders may face other constraints related to the potential effects on socio-economic sectors, which can hinder all efforts deployed to conserve and protect water resources. Based on this literature analysis, it is essential to consider the social sector and local community, as this rate of consumption of water resources by tourists can raise conflicts between tourism and residents over limited water resources.