This chapter examines the career of Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo, a key figure in the Spanish transition who combined business experience with political responsibility at the highest level. Before becoming Prime Minister in 1981, Calvo-Sotelo had a distinguished career in the private sector, particularly in energy and industrial companies, which shaped his technocratic and pragmatic approach. The text analyses how his economic training and experience in executive positions influenced his leadership style and policies as Minister of Industry and later as Prime Minister. It also addresses his role in Spain’s economic modernisation and European integration. The chapter highlights the uniqueness of his profile in Spanish politics at the time, characterised by a business-oriented approach to state management.