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Silicon Carbide (SiC) Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) used in modern electric vehicle (EV) power inverters generate a considerable amount of heat due to power loss, necessitating efficient thermal management. This study numerically investigates steady-state conjugate heat transfer in a liquid-cooled Serpentine Rectangular Minichannel Heat Sink (SRMHS) for cooling four units of SiC MOSFETs, each dissipating 50 W power loss, using distilled water. The internal layers of the MOSFETs are mathematically modeled, and volumetric heat generation is applied at the SiC junction to accurately capture the thermal behavior. Three types of liquid-cooled heat sinks are investigated, namely: SRMHS, SRMHS with Rectangular Winglet Pair (RWP), and SRMHS with Delta Winglet Pair (DWP) vortex generators (VGs). Numerical simulations are performed in Ansys Fluent for flow inlet velocities ranging from 0.1 m/s to 0.6 m/s. Results demonstrate that the proposed heat sink designs can maintain the junction temperature within safe limits. The addition of VGs lowers the maximum junction temperatures by 5 ℃ and increases the heat transfer coefficient by 35%. In addition, the SRMHS with DWP configuration exhibits a higher thermal performance factor, offering a better balance between heat transfer and pressure drop. These findings highlight the potential of SRMHS with VGs to provide effective thermal management solutions for EV power inverters.

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Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer Characteristics in Liquid-Cooled Heat Sinks for SiC MOSFET Power Inverters

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Athul Pradeep,
  • Arul Prakash Karaiyan

摘要

Silicon Carbide (SiC) Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) used in modern electric vehicle (EV) power inverters generate a considerable amount of heat due to power loss, necessitating efficient thermal management. This study numerically investigates steady-state conjugate heat transfer in a liquid-cooled Serpentine Rectangular Minichannel Heat Sink (SRMHS) for cooling four units of SiC MOSFETs, each dissipating 50 W power loss, using distilled water. The internal layers of the MOSFETs are mathematically modeled, and volumetric heat generation is applied at the SiC junction to accurately capture the thermal behavior. Three types of liquid-cooled heat sinks are investigated, namely: SRMHS, SRMHS with Rectangular Winglet Pair (RWP), and SRMHS with Delta Winglet Pair (DWP) vortex generators (VGs). Numerical simulations are performed in Ansys Fluent for flow inlet velocities ranging from 0.1 m/s to 0.6 m/s. Results demonstrate that the proposed heat sink designs can maintain the junction temperature within safe limits. The addition of VGs lowers the maximum junction temperatures by 5 ℃ and increases the heat transfer coefficient by 35%. In addition, the SRMHS with DWP configuration exhibits a higher thermal performance factor, offering a better balance between heat transfer and pressure drop. These findings highlight the potential of SRMHS with VGs to provide effective thermal management solutions for EV power inverters.