Optimisation of Thermal Energy Storage Systems for Industrial Heating Applications
摘要
This work presents a comparative analysis of three thermal energy storage (TES) configurations intended for industrial applications: a conventional two-tank system, a packed-bed thermocline, and a structured thermocline with internal channels. The main objective is to determine the tank volume required to achieve 8 h of continuous discharge for each configuration under varying aspect ratios, and to evaluate their respective capacity costs ($/kWh) through a techno-economic assessment. The results show that thermocline-based systems offer significant volumetric advantages over the two-tank system, especially at lower aspect ratios. Structured configurations are particularly sensitive to aspect ratio due to their internal geometry, achieving minimum volume requirements at lower heights. From an economic standpoint, the packed-bed system achieves the lowest capacity cost (19.91 $/kWh) at an aspect ratio of 2, followed closely by the structured configuration (21.30 $/kWh), while the two-tank system results in a substantially higher cost (39.89 $/kWh) due to infrastructure redundancy.