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A physically unclonable function (PUF) is a security primitive that provides the cryptographic key for a device by leveraging hardware-based unpredictability. Despite the advantages of many PUFs developed over the past decade, implementing them in low-cost IoT devices has been challenging. To address this, we propose a resistor-capacitor (RC) PUF with a microcontroller (MCU), specifically designed for use in IoT and wearable devices. This RC PUF is engineered to detect and respond to minor voltage variations in RC circuits during charging and discharging. The test result of our PUF shows uniqueness of 50.36% (ideally value is 50%) and reliability of 88.89% (ideally value is 100%). This outcome demonstrates that our PUF solution is effective for the production and authentication of on-device cryptography keys.

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A Low-Cost RC PUF for the Security of IoT and Wearable Devices

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Joy Acharya,
  • Mohendra Roy,
  • Paawan Sharma,
  • Dhaval Pujara

摘要

A physically unclonable function (PUF) is a security primitive that provides the cryptographic key for a device by leveraging hardware-based unpredictability. Despite the advantages of many PUFs developed over the past decade, implementing them in low-cost IoT devices has been challenging. To address this, we propose a resistor-capacitor (RC) PUF with a microcontroller (MCU), specifically designed for use in IoT and wearable devices. This RC PUF is engineered to detect and respond to minor voltage variations in RC circuits during charging and discharging. The test result of our PUF shows uniqueness of 50.36% (ideally value is 50%) and reliability of 88.89% (ideally value is 100%). This outcome demonstrates that our PUF solution is effective for the production and authentication of on-device cryptography keys.