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This work presents the design and evaluation of a novel wearable microwave sensor for real-time monitoring of lung health using a modified hairpin microwave resonator. The proposed sensor operates at a center frequency of 3.535 GHz and is capable of detecting shifts in the resonant frequency due to the changes in permittivity for different lung abnormality. The proposed sensor provides a significant shift of 46 MHz from normal lung to pulmonary dense fibrosis demonstrating its high sensitivity to detect aforementioned respiratory environment. The sensed data is then transferred to user interface incorporating a wireless module with the proposed sensor. The sensor exhibits a sensitivity of 9.79% and a figure of merit (FOM) of 288.41, along with a Q-factor of 29.46, indicating its high-performance capabilities. The simulated results of the hairpin resonator integrated with real characteristics of human tissue mimic, demonstrate its potential as a sensor for real-time monitoring of lung functions, which could aid in the early detection and management of dense fibrosis.

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A Novel Non-invasive Wearable Hairpin Resonator-Based Electromagnetic Bio-Sensor for Early Diagnosis of Pulmonary Dense Fibrosis

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Preeti Tiwari,
  • Debarati Dutta,
  • Anirban Sarkar

摘要

This work presents the design and evaluation of a novel wearable microwave sensor for real-time monitoring of lung health using a modified hairpin microwave resonator. The proposed sensor operates at a center frequency of 3.535 GHz and is capable of detecting shifts in the resonant frequency due to the changes in permittivity for different lung abnormality. The proposed sensor provides a significant shift of 46 MHz from normal lung to pulmonary dense fibrosis demonstrating its high sensitivity to detect aforementioned respiratory environment. The sensed data is then transferred to user interface incorporating a wireless module with the proposed sensor. The sensor exhibits a sensitivity of 9.79% and a figure of merit (FOM) of 288.41, along with a Q-factor of 29.46, indicating its high-performance capabilities. The simulated results of the hairpin resonator integrated with real characteristics of human tissue mimic, demonstrate its potential as a sensor for real-time monitoring of lung functions, which could aid in the early detection and management of dense fibrosis.