This book examines the possibility of overcoming the existing dichotomy between Islamization and secularization in Bangladesh by highlighting recent trends in social and cultural change. Contemporary Bangladesh, which has been undergoing rapid economic growth and globalization, has witnessed the development of a polarized political landscape. On one side is secularism—rooted in Bengali nationalism and incorporating minority religions as part of the foundation of national culture—and on the other is Islamism, generally understood as a political ideology or movement aimed at transforming society and the state in accordance with Islamic principles.