A biostratigraphic sequence almost continuous from the Late Miocene to Holocene is recognized in the eastern Pampean region of Argentina. It constitutes the basis of the chronological scale of the continental Late Cenozoic of South America. This sequence allowed establishing correlations between the type sections of the Pampean region with other regions of the subcontinent. Besides that, the biostratigraphic sequence of the Pampean region shows the order of first appearance of mammals of North American origin, and at the same time, it improves the understanding of the faunal dynamics and the interpretation of the biogeographical changes taking into account the Late Cenozoic environmental modifications. The aim of this contribution is to update the chronostratigraphic scheme, highlighting the main faunal events in each Biozone and its relation to Late Cenozoic environmental changes.