The current era, identified as the Anthropocene, represents a drastic change in the relationship between humans and nature. This fundamental shift in the relationship between humans and the environment has resulted in human-driven ecological and societal disruptions such as increased pressure on human biodiversity, increased carbon footprint, and social fragmentation. These disruptions generate distinctive psychological stressors, including eco-anxiety, ecological grief, and uncertainty about socio-ecological tipping points, posing threats to both individual and collective flourishing. In this era of worsening climate change, vitality can serve as a critical psychological resource to navigate these challenges. Grounded in the framework of Positive Psychology and the Value in Action (VIA) classification of character strengths, vitality is often conceptualised not merely as physical energy or zest but as a dynamic integration of purpose, resilience, and engagement with life. Drawing from Self-Determination theory and eco-psychological insights, the chapter offers an integrated framework examining vitality’s dual role as both a catalyst for pro-environmental action and a buffer against Anthropocene-specific psychological stressors. As a catalyst, vitality inspires positive environmental action by energising individuals to live in harmony with ecological values, facilitating positive interaction with the environment. Second, vitality acts as a psychological buffer against Anthropocene-specific stressors by building a psychological safety net of resilience and meaning. Practices that foster vitality are discussed as actionable pathways towards cultivating agency and resilience in the face of ecological anxiety and systemic uncertainty.