Comparison of SiteWise and SimaPro for Sustainability Assessment of Remediation Alternatives
摘要
Contaminated sites significantly threaten public health and the environment, underscoring the urgent need for effective remediation efforts. The regulations to address these sites require the contamination to be reduced to acceptable levels based on the risk of exposure. Numerous remediation technologies have been developed for cleanup; however, selecting an appropriate technology is contingent upon the site’s geology, hydrogeology, contamination characteristics, and associated environmental risks. Abandoned or uncontrolled contaminated sites in the United States are regulated under Superfund (CERCLA), which employs nine-point criteria tailored to the site-specific characteristics for remediation method selection. However, these approaches do not account for the broader negative environmental impacts and the social and economic sustainability considerations. USEPA’s Green Remediation promotes consideration of the environmental impacts to maximize the net environmental benefits of adopting remediation methods. This study focuses on these environmental aspects of sustainability. It employs SiteWise™ and SimaPro LCA, two standard tools for assessing the environmental sustainability of remediation technologies, to evaluate and select technologies to remediate contaminated soil and groundwater at an Oil refinery facility in Lincoln, Nebraska, USA. The study provides an overview of the site’s background, contamination, and potential remediation alternatives. Each tool provided several unique sets of indicators that were not quantified in the other. SiteWise offers a more tailored approach to assessing remediation alternatives. In contrast, SimaPro’s complexity and broader scope make it more suitable for detailed environmental sustainability assessment. Common indicators between the tools are identified and analyzed, while the differences and additional indicators unique to each tool are discussed. The study further evaluates the strengths and limitations of these tools, emphasizing their practical application to quantify the broader environmental sustainability of remediation technologies. This study highlights the benefits of adopting sustainability assessment tools in selecting remediation technologies, demonstrating their critical role in advancing sustainable environmental remediation practices.