The purpose of this book was to conduct a phenomenological exploration of the experiences of ten Canadian centenarians in their homes or in care facilities in terms of cognitive health and longevity. This chapter will describe the phenomenological method and design for this qualitative study. Cognitive health will be defined as the conservation of cognitive structures in order for the individual to maintain social connection and a relative degree of functional autonomy and the ability to meet life’s challenges as one grows old. In addition, the role of the researcher, ethical issues and consent, and data collection procedures will be presented. The questionnaire will also be described, the interview procedure, plus data recording.