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The environmental conditions, orientation, and tilt angle of photovoltaic (PV) modules play a major role in determining their performance and productivity. This paper investigates the influence of solar irradiance and tilt angle on the electrical performance of a PV panel, modeled in 3D with COMSOL Multiphysics. The irradiation was considered to be between 200 and 1000 W/m2, and the tilt angle from 0° to 80°, under a constant wind speed of 1 m/s and an ambient temperature of 26 °C. The results show that an increase in solar irradiation leads to a rise in cell temperature of 21.78 °C, an increase in electrical power of 141 W, but a slight decrease in electrical efficiency of 1.65%. On the other hand, when the angle of inclination is increased from 0° to 80°, cell temperature rises by 27.53 °C, electrical power is reduced by 145.35 W, and efficiency is improved by 2.09%.

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Analysis of the Impact of Solar Irradiation and Tilt Angle on Photovoltaic Module Performance

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Yassine El Alami,
  • Taoufik Hachimi,
  • Elhadi Baghaz

摘要

The environmental conditions, orientation, and tilt angle of photovoltaic (PV) modules play a major role in determining their performance and productivity. This paper investigates the influence of solar irradiance and tilt angle on the electrical performance of a PV panel, modeled in 3D with COMSOL Multiphysics. The irradiation was considered to be between 200 and 1000 W/m2, and the tilt angle from 0° to 80°, under a constant wind speed of 1 m/s and an ambient temperature of 26 °C. The results show that an increase in solar irradiation leads to a rise in cell temperature of 21.78 °C, an increase in electrical power of 141 W, but a slight decrease in electrical efficiency of 1.65%. On the other hand, when the angle of inclination is increased from 0° to 80°, cell temperature rises by 27.53 °C, electrical power is reduced by 145.35 W, and efficiency is improved by 2.09%.