The results of studies of mineral materials influence from industrial and construction waste on the basic properties of fine-grained concrete mixtures and the physical and mechanical characteristics of hardened self-sealing concrete are presented. The following material was used as waste: microsilica MS-82, a pulverized component of concrete scrap (crushed concrete dust) and sand from crushed concrete. It was found that when using mineral additives instead of a part of cement, the increased consumption of polycarboxylate superplasticizer is required. The replacement of 20% fine natural sand with large grains of sand from crushed concrete of a mixture of fractions of 1.25–5.0 mm contributes to the formation of rational granulometry of the filler and increases the strength of fine-grained concrete. The performed calculations of the technical and economic efficiency of the use of fine-grained self-sealing concrete with aggregates from construction waste for the installation of monolithic reinforced concrete structures confirmed that the proposed technology of laying mixtures is resource- and energy-saving, since it reduces electricity consumption due to the abandonment of electrical equipment for vibration sealing. The use of self-sealing concrete mixes contributes to achieving an environmental effect by eliminating the negative effects of noise and vibration on the construction site.