This work presents a technical-scientific methodology for the preventive maintenance and conservation of civil heritage structures. It is conceived within a highly interdisciplinary framework considering the multidimensional nature of these assets, integrating archaeology, historiography, architecture, and civil engineering. The proposed methodology is structured into six distinct stages: (I) Multidisciplinary knowledge encompassing archival research, paleoclimatic analysis, 3D modeling, stratigraphy, archaeology, material characterization, and dating; (II) Territorial and environmental analysis, georeferencing and incorporating hazard factors into a topographic database; (III) Assessment of the asset’s hazard and vulnerability through structural monitoring and modeling, geostatistical techniques, and the development of damage maps; (IV) Prospective and sensitivity analyses using data science clustering techniques, identifying similarity patterns, performing exploratory data analysis, and evaluating model quality; (V) Adaptation of the methodology to climate change scenarios by establishing reference frameworks and incorporating global climate models; (VI) Identification of urgent preventive actions for conservation and maintenance. This methodology is applied to a historic stone masonry bridge in the town of Pinos Puente in Granada, Spain, built between the 8th and 10th centuries. Specifically, this work presents preliminary results from the initial implementation phases, including historical studies, a drone flight campaign for photogrammetric surveying of its geometry, stratigraphic studies, material characterization sampling, and characterization of its dynamic behavior using operational modal analysis techniques.