Significant global sea level rise (SLR) in coastal areas impacts the environment and the populations. This study focuses on immobility in the context of climate adaptation, particularly among groups that are hesitant or unable to move despite rising sea levels. The research examines factors contributing to immobility, explores adaptive strategies employed by populations remaining in their original locations and evaluates the effectiveness of in situ adaptation measures in Jakarta, Semarang, Demak and Pekalongan. The qualitative research methodology employed included interviews, focus group discussions and observations. The results indicate that financial constraints, social and cultural ties and perceptions of climate change contribute to immobility, highlighting the need for recognition and inclusive political processes to make sure that adaptation policies focus on the coastal communities that are impacted. In coastal areas affected by sea level rise, the population has implemented adaptive measures such as the physical modification of houses, economic diversification and collaborative initiatives led by local leaders. This study evaluates the practicality of these adaptation strategies, their impact on population resilience and the challenges encountered by those who opt to remain. The study’s recommendations emphasise the importance of integrating local perspectives into comprehensive climate adaptation strategies, highlighting the need for community engagement.