The Phenomenology of Time: Between Eidos and Cognition
摘要
This chapter explores the distinctive features of time in Sufi phenomenologyPhenomenologySufi phenomenology, presenting it as a sequence of eidē—each created alongside the eidos of thing and bearing light and an idea. This concept introduces a dual temporal structure: the material, horizontal of time and the meta-timeTimemeta-time of Mir DamadMir Damad. Together, they form a coordinate systemCoordinate system of time in which the nowTime—the eidos of the timeline—marks the intersection of meta-timeTimemeta-time and material time. As a temporal unit, the nowTime embodies the essence of Sufi phenomenological timeTimephenomenological time. Equated with tode ti in Aristotelian philosophyAristotleAristotelian philosophy, it becomes the point of departure for the emergence of a new idea. Comparison with the Sufi concept lawāmi‘Sufismlawāmi‘ (illumination), KantKant’s thing-in-itself, and the observer effectQuantumobserver effect in quantum physicsQuantumquantum physics positions the eidē of time as particles within the cognitive process. Synthesizing philosophical and scientific perspectives, the chapter treats time as a dimension beyond spatial axes, offering a phenomenological analysis of MinkowskiMinkowski Hermann’s space-time model. As a result, Sufi phenomenological timeTimephenomenological time introduces an expanded coordinate systemCoordinate system—adding an e-axis, the line cognition, which begins at the nowTime and ascends toward the LogosLogos, alongside spatial (x, y, z) and temporal (t) dimensions.