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A direction for increasing the service life and ensuring the geometric stability of machine parts and structures by improving the physical and mechanical characteristics of the metal surface layer, including wear resistance, the level and distribution of residual surface stresses, corrosion resistance, fatigue strength, and heat resistance, is proposed. The effect of laser treatment on the wear resistance of gas-thermal coatings, metal-cutting tools, and titanium alloys has been investigated. It has been determined that the general mechanism for increasing wear resistance after laser hardening consists of microstructure refinement, increased microhardness, high hardness of the crystalline phase, reducing the friction coefficient, forming a micro-relief with increased oil retention capacity formed by laser surface treatment, and reducing chemical activity. The features of the three-stage mechanism of increasing the wear resistance of titanium alloys after laser surface hardening are shown. The research results are summarized in the form of principles for forming the physical and mechanical characteristics of surface layers during laser processing. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of formation of thermal and phase residual surface stresses, the parameters of laser treatment that determine the stress level have been established and technological recommendations have been proposed to ensure the geometric stability of products. The dual effect of laser treatment on the corrosion resistance of metals has been determined. The positive effect consists in the transformation of selective and uneven corrosion on the surface into uniform continuous corrosion due to the formation of a fine-grained microstructure. The negative effect consists in the formation of a three-electrode electrochemical cell with different standard electrode potentials on the surface and an increase in the corrosion rate at the boundary between them. Technological recommendations for improving corrosion resistance are provided. The maximum heating temperatures of parts during operation have been established, above which a decrease in microhardness and significant structural transformations are observed.

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Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Surface Layers After Laser Treatment

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Igor Krivtsun,
  • Leonid Golovko,
  • Serhii Fomichov,
  • Oleksii Kaglyak,
  • Yevgenia Chvertko

摘要

A direction for increasing the service life and ensuring the geometric stability of machine parts and structures by improving the physical and mechanical characteristics of the metal surface layer, including wear resistance, the level and distribution of residual surface stresses, corrosion resistance, fatigue strength, and heat resistance, is proposed. The effect of laser treatment on the wear resistance of gas-thermal coatings, metal-cutting tools, and titanium alloys has been investigated. It has been determined that the general mechanism for increasing wear resistance after laser hardening consists of microstructure refinement, increased microhardness, high hardness of the crystalline phase, reducing the friction coefficient, forming a micro-relief with increased oil retention capacity formed by laser surface treatment, and reducing chemical activity. The features of the three-stage mechanism of increasing the wear resistance of titanium alloys after laser surface hardening are shown. The research results are summarized in the form of principles for forming the physical and mechanical characteristics of surface layers during laser processing. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of formation of thermal and phase residual surface stresses, the parameters of laser treatment that determine the stress level have been established and technological recommendations have been proposed to ensure the geometric stability of products. The dual effect of laser treatment on the corrosion resistance of metals has been determined. The positive effect consists in the transformation of selective and uneven corrosion on the surface into uniform continuous corrosion due to the formation of a fine-grained microstructure. The negative effect consists in the formation of a three-electrode electrochemical cell with different standard electrode potentials on the surface and an increase in the corrosion rate at the boundary between them. Technological recommendations for improving corrosion resistance are provided. The maximum heating temperatures of parts during operation have been established, above which a decrease in microhardness and significant structural transformations are observed.