Hunger, malnutrition, poor health, and even starvation continue to be the biggest problems facing the world. Malnutrition is characterized as a lack of nutrients brought on by either eating insufficient amounts of food or consuming food that is low in nutrients compared to the daily requirements. The low-income families frequently cannot afford animal-based diets, a variety of uncommon edibles or neglected crops can provide an alternate supply of vitamins, minerals, and secondary plant compounds that are beneficial to health. Therefore, studies in horticulture and agriculture ought to develop plans to increase access to nutrient-dense food as well as to generate more food. Although many different plant species are designated for consumption as fruits, vegetables, and grains worldwide, only a small percentage of these species are utilized as commercial crops. As a result, many uncommon, underutilized and neglected species present opportunities to enhance food production and diversify the human diet, hence facilitating more resilient and sustainable horticultural and agro-food systems. Therefore, the current book chapter highlights the significance of uncommon edible species as Future Food for enhancing human nutritional status and boosting the resilience of horticultural and agro-food systems.