The paper considers the main types of storage facilities for petroleum products that are currently in the greatest demand and substantiates their necessity in the modern conditions of national economy. The risks and hazards associated with their use are defined. A review and analysis of emergency situations that have occurred recently in the world and in our country, arising during their operation, is performed. The damage and consequences of the negative impact of these accidents, determined after their elimination, are given. The main conclusions are made about the causes of fires and loss of life. A new modern project of the Multifunctional Cargo Area, with a deep-water cargo seaport near the promising oil and gas fields of Sakhalin, is considered. Experimental and theoretical studies are carried out, which are part of the scientific support for the design and construction of a unique project. The main recommendations developed for its planned construction and subsequent trouble-free operation are presented.