This paper addresses the issue of route planning for road transport of oversized cargo, taking into account the risk of adverse situations. The analyzed problem involves the identification of operational, technical, logistical, financial, environmental, and legal threats that may affect the safety and efficiency of transportation. The first part of the paper presents a literature review, discussing both classical and modern approaches to route determination, including exact algorithms, metaheuristics, and artificial intelligence techniques. The following section outlines the requirements for route selection algorithms, such as multi-criteria optimization, robustness to dynamic data, flexibility, regulatory compliance, and infrastructure safety. Subsequently, the concept of a proprietary algorithm based on a modified A* algorithm is introduced, designed to minimize costs and the probability of adverse events along vehicle routes. The algorithm has been adapted for oversized vehicle route planning, and its application may support operational decision-making in the transport of such cargo while ensuring a high level of safety and reliability.