Neurodiversity emphasizes the natural variation in human cognition, celebrating the unique strengths and perspectives that neurodiverse individuals bring to society. This paper explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in supporting neurodiverse individuals, focusing on both traditional and generative AI systems. Current trends reveal two primary applications: (1) detecting, diagnosing, and treating neurodiverse conditions and (2) enhancing cognitive abilities and promoting wellbeing. The shift from a medical model to a social and ecological model underscores the need for inclusive and strengths-based AI systems that empower neurodiverse individuals across various domains, such as education, employment, and social interaction. By identifying design requirements—including customizability, ethical considerations, and responsible design practices—this paper highlights how generative AI can address current gaps and expand opportunities for neurodiverse populations. Future research should prioritize participatory design, inclusive datasets, and applications that holistically support neurodiverse individuals in achieving their potential.