Despite continuous progress in expanding the provision of modern energy services to more communities, nearly 700 million people worldwide still lack access to electricity, hindering the aim of universal access by 2030. Beyond availability, policymakers must also address key issues of reliability, affordability, and sustainability. Critical but often overlooked aspects are the gendered impacts of electricity and modern energy services in energy transitions. Thus, it is vital to understand how energy initiatives can benefit all genders equitably. This chapter addresses this gap by examining the gendered effects of electrification and sustainable energy transitions. It highlights how limited access to electricity and modern energy services disproportionately affects women and girls, impacting their health, economic opportunities, and social empowerment, especially in rural, low-income areas. Electrification can reduce time poverty, improve maternal health, enhance decision-making power, and increase access to education and economic opportunities. Finally, the chapter presents successful case studies, synthesizes best practices for advancing women’s inclusion in the energy sector, and showcases how a mentoring program has led to a successful empowerment of women within the energy sector. This work promotes a more inclusive approach to sustainable and equitable energy access and leveraging modern energy to improve gender equality and achieve broader societal goals.