Climate change poses a significant threat to urban environments, especially in Europe, where rising temperatures and extreme events challenge the resilience of the built environment. While many recent studies have explored how climate change will affect energy demand in buildings, most analyses still rely on outdated Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) scenarios while a few studies evaluate how future operational emissions align with science-based decarbonization targets, such as those outlined by the Carbon Risk Real Estate Monitor (CRREM). This study aims to fill these gaps by investigating the stranding risk of three representative Italian residential buildings—single-family house (SFH), multi-family house (MFH), and apartment block (AB)—in the city of Florence. Using dynamic simulations and climate projections based on the latest IPCC Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP1–2.6 and SSP5–8.5), we assess future heating and cooling demands and corresponding operational emissions up to 2100. Results show a shift from heating to cooling needs, with associated emissions increasingly diverging from CRREM targets, especially under SSP5–8.5. Notably, SFH and MFH exceed carbon thresholds well before 2050. The findings highlight the need for SSP-informed, typology-specific mitigation strategies and confirm the importance of integrating carbon risk assessment in long-term residential energy planning.