This paper examines the architectural form and resident lifestyles of the modern cave dwelling community in Dongxinjiayuan, Yan’an. As a traditional housing type, cave dwellings in Yan’an are renowned for their climate adaptability, providing warmth in winter and coolness in summer while being eco-friendly and resource-efficient. Despite rapid urbanization, they remain integral to local residential life. Through field research and questionnaire analysis, this study explores housing usage, climate adaptability, and social interactions in Dongxinjiayuan. Findings reveal that modern cave dwellings preserve traditional climatic advantages while incorporating contemporary construction techniques to meet diverse family needs and enhance communal spaces. The study highlights Dongxinjiayuan as a viable model for integrating traditional cave dwellings with modern living standards, offering potential for broader application.