The resource utilization of calcium carbonate industrial solid waste is an important link to promote the efficient utilization of industrial solid waste. Marble waste powder is one of the main components of calcium carbonate solid waste. In order to systematically evaluate the bearing performance of marble waste powder as foundation, this paper revealed the evolution law of bearing performance of marble waste powder foundation under different working conditions through in-situ test methods such as plate load test and static cone penetration test. The results show that under the condition of optimal water content of 20%, the bearing capacity is significantly positively correlated with the degree of compaction. When the degree of compaction increases from 91 to 97%, the characteristic value of bearing capacity increases from 160 to 350 kPa, with a large increase. There is an empirical relationship between cone tip resistance and bearing capacity characteristic value. It can be concluded that the compacted marble waste powder has excellent bearing capacity and can be used as a new filling material for green building foundation.