Super-resolution microscopy has played an indispensable role in observing nanoscale structures, advancing our understanding of the molecular interaction mechanism. Mainstream super-resolution microscopy is based on the photoluminescence to generate detectable photons. The use of laser beams for excitation may introduce a series of laser effects such as high background and photon bleaching. On the other hand, electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is excited by the electrochemical reactions, which can eliminate the use of laser beams. Therefore, it is beneficial for applications that are restricted by the laser effects of fluorescence. Compared to the super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, which has achieved great success, super-resolution ECL microscopy is still in its early development stages. Based on the principles of non-radiative relaxation processes that generate luminescence, super-resolution ECL imaging can adopt reconstruction principles from super-resolution fluorescence methods, such as single-molecule localization microscopy, signal fluctuation-based super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, and deep learning-based super-resolution microscopy. Here we review the basic principles, performance, and applications of super-resolution ECL imaging based on these methods. By integrating the principles of super-resolution microscopy with ECL imaging, current super-resolution ECL microscopy has greatly improved the spatial and temporal resolution of conventional ECL imaging. These advancements have revolutionized ECL’s applications in single-cell imaging, immunoassays and the characterization of active sites in chemical reactions. We think that with the future development of higher-efficiency ECL imaging systems, the performance of super-resolution ECL imaging can be further improved, pushing imaging resolution from the nanoscale to the atomic-scale.