Landslides are the most destructive hydro-geomorphic hazards especially in the mountainous and tectonic active areas such as the Himalayas and the Western Ghats of India. This chapter gives a detailed list of the classification of the landslides in terms of movement mechanisms and types of materials and falls, topples, slides, flows, and spreads. Based on the recent case studies including Pettimudi debris flow (2020), the disaster caused by the avalanche in Chamoli (2021), and the Wayanad landslides (2024), the chapter examines the contribution of both natural and anthropogenic factors to the growing landslides vulnerability, which include deforestation, uncontrolled construction, and climate change-related rain variations. Notably, the chapter explores the little-known world of indigenous knowledge and community-based adaptation measures that the local people in high-risk regions follow. Conventional slope control methods, ecological recovery with indigenous plants, and oral early warning systems are discussed as the possible inclusion in modern disaster risk elimination systems. Participatory mapping and community engagement are highlighted as important in the increase of adaptive capacity and resilience. Using an interdisciplinary approach that integrates geomorphology, climatology, and anthropology, this chapter illustrates that scientific risk assessment tools should be synergized with culturally ingrained practices. It proposes participatory and local response plans that should not ignore the experiential knowledge held by the indigenous population and that which integrates technology in monitoring landslides and providing early warning.