Climate Change Education in Informal Science Settings
摘要
Climate change education occurs across the lifespan and in diverse settings, including formal, nonformal, and informal learning environments. While formal education systems integrate climate change into science curricula, many challenges—including inconsistent standards, political resistance, and limited classroom resources—can hinder effective teaching. Nonformal and informal learning spaces, such as science centers and community programs, offer opportunities to supplement formal education through experiential and place-based learning. These settings foster engagement, increase scientific literacy, and empower individuals to take climate action. Moreover, informal spaces provide climate change education for lifelong learners, addressing the need for environmental awareness beyond school years. This chapter explores the role of informal and nonformal learning in supporting climate literacy, emphasizing climate justice, civic engagement, and strategies for overcoming misinformation. Additionally, it highlights innovative programs bridging formal and informal education, the importance of visual literacy in climate communication, and the potential of youth-led civic action in fostering climate resilience. By leveraging diverse learning environments, educators and institutions can enhance public understanding of climate change and inspire collective action toward a sustainable future.