Membrane filtration is a critical technology in water treatment, which offers an effective solution to address growing concerns over water quality and availability. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have paved the way for optimizing membrane filtration process, enhancing systems efficiency and ensuring better resource utilization. This chapter explores the application of AI techniques in membrane filtration, focusing on their potential to predict system performance, improve filtrate quality and reduce operational costs. By leveraging machine learning (ML), neural networks and data driven models, AI can provide real time optimization, fault detection and maintenance prediction in membrane base water treatment systems. Additionally, AI approaches are discussed for their ability to adapt and fine tune filtration operations to meet varying water quality demands.