High early-strength and low-embodied CO2 concretes were analyzed as full-sized slabs under the effect of California’s dry weather. The binder constituents of the concretes were belitic calcium sulfoaluminate cement (BCSA), ordinary portland cement (OPC), portland limestone cement (PLC), and calcined clay (CC). Three structures were BCSA-based systems, one structure was a blend of PLC and BCSA “PLC2”, one structure was a blend of BCSA, PLC, and CC “LC4”, and two structures were traditional OPC systems used as Rapid Strength Concrete (RSC) references. Each concrete material was designed to reach a flexural strength of 2.76 MPa at an opening time ranging between 4 and 10 h, which fits the California Department of Transportation definition of RSC. Each individual slab of 4.5 m x 3.6 m x 23.5 cm was cast with thermocouples and vibrating-wire strain gages (VWSG) at multiple depths at the corners and center of the slab to monitor dimensional changes with time. Testing performed in the slabs and laboratory-prepared specimens included flexural strength, compressive strength, and unrestrained shrinkage. Additionally, the cements and concretes were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and calorimetry at different ages in order to understand hydration mechanisms. Low-embodied CO2 concretes with high early strength are a sustainable paving alternative concrete based on reduced carbon emissions and carbon intensities when compared to traditional concrete structures. Additionally, by providing performance improvements such as higher strengths and lower shrinkage, these alternative new materials for construction and repairs enable construction windows to be reduced, benefiting user and asset owners alike.