Imagine walking into a zoo and being instantly captivated by the beauty of the space around you, lush greenery, winding paths, and animals moving freely in environments that are so natural. Behind this carefully crafted picture lies a blend of science, engineering, and an understanding of what the animals need. Zoo enclosures are much more than just enclosed spaces; they are intricate, purpose-driven designs aimed at ensuring the welfare of animals, the education of the visitors and the safety of the staff. In this chapter, we’ll explore the principles that guide modern zoo enclosure design, from creating spaces that mimic natural habitats by considering animal behaviour, complexity and space, climate and safety. By understanding how these enclosures are designed, you’ll gain a new perspective on the complex balance between animal and human needs.