This chapter opens the door to the fascinating and often controversial world of zoos. It offers a broad introduction to what they are, how they’ve evolved over time, and why they continue to spark passionate debate. From their origins as private menageries for the wealthy to today’s conservation-focused institutions, zoos have undergone a dramatic transformation, but not without raising some big questions along the way. Should zoos still exist in the twenty-first century? Are they sanctuaries for endangered species or outdated relics of entertainment? These are just a few of the questions that continue to divide public opinion. In this chapter, we’ll explore some of the key arguments for and against zoos, looking at the evidence behind each perspective. You’ll hear about the views from critics who question the ethics of keeping animals in captivity, as well as supporters who highlight the “vital role zoos play in education, research, and species conservation”. We’ll also take a closer look at how morality (our personal sense of right and wrong) shapes how we view zoos. Morals are deeply individual, so people can look at the same zoo and come to very different conclusions about whether it’s doing good or harm. Finally, we’ll touch on the legal frameworks that govern zoos today, including the regulations they must follow and the role of zoo associations in setting standards and promoting best practices. Whether you’re a zoo enthusiast, a sceptic, or somewhere in the middle, this chapter will give you a well-rounded foundation for the continuation of the book.