Techno-Economic Evaluation of Direct Air Capture Technology Integrated into Buildings Considering Different Conditions
摘要
Many buildings, especially condensed and poorly ventilated buildings, suffer from poor indoor air quality, which significantly affect occupants health and productivity. Therefore, this study aims to assess the energy and economic feasibility of implementing direct air capture (DAC) systems, both solid- and liquid-based DAC, instead of a controlled mechanical ventilation system in a condensed space classroom throughout the year. The heating, cooling and ventilation needs of the considered classroom are estimated using EnergyPlus software, and the remaining calculations are performed using Excel. Furthermore, the performance of integrating DAC system is assessed under eleven scenarios, taking into account two types of DAC systems, and different levels of capital and operating costs, energy prices and energy needs. The results show that maintaining indoor thermal comfort and low CO2 concentration requires significant energy demand. However, when comparing the energy consumption of controlled mechanical ventilation and DAC, it becomes clear that the latter is more energy intensive; its energy consumption is 18–65% higher than that of the former. Economically, the obtained levelized cost of direct air capture (LCOD) is found in the range of 56–2500 $/tCO2, depending on the considered conditions.