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This chapter situates the NRA/M within Uganda’s longer history of authoritarian collapse, militarization, and post-war state reconstruction. It argues that while coercion was central to the NRA’s military victory, violence alone was insufficient to secure regime durability. Recognizing these limits, the NRA leadership adopted a calibrated mix of coercion, co-optation, and concession to neutralize armed rival groups.Consequently, the post-1986 reconstruction of the Ugandan state produced a civil–authoritarian order shaped not only by the preferences of the NRA/M leadership, but also by the demands of enduring social and political structures inherited from the prewar period. Former armed rivals thus constrained, enabled, and reshaped post-war NRM governance, leaving a lasting imprint on the regime’s character. The chapter therefore demonstrates how insurgent movements govern in the aftermath of war by navigating both conflict legacies and the constraints imposed by pre-existing social structures.

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From Rebels to Regime Allies: Coercion, Co-optation, and Neutralization of Armed Rivals

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Gerald Bareebe

摘要

This chapter situates the NRA/M within Uganda’s longer history of authoritarian collapse, militarization, and post-war state reconstruction. It argues that while coercion was central to the NRA’s military victory, violence alone was insufficient to secure regime durability. Recognizing these limits, the NRA leadership adopted a calibrated mix of coercion, co-optation, and concession to neutralize armed rival groups.Consequently, the post-1986 reconstruction of the Ugandan state produced a civil–authoritarian order shaped not only by the preferences of the NRA/M leadership, but also by the demands of enduring social and political structures inherited from the prewar period. Former armed rivals thus constrained, enabled, and reshaped post-war NRM governance, leaving a lasting imprint on the regime’s character. The chapter therefore demonstrates how insurgent movements govern in the aftermath of war by navigating both conflict legacies and the constraints imposed by pre-existing social structures.