This chapter outlines the theoretical framework for analyzing international political communication in the platform era. It bridges media and communication studies with international relations, showing how mediatization and constructivist perspectives together explain how platforms shape global visibility, participation, and identity. The chapter advances a dual focus: on conflicts, understood as phenomena that intertwine political, material, and symbolic dimensions; and on diplomacy, whose communicative and performative nature is increasingly redefined by platform logics. Drawing on classical concepts such as the CNN Effect and recent studies on digitally mediated conflicts, the chapter introduces the notion of platform diplomacy to describe how algorithmic infrastructures and public expectations reshape diplomatic practices and legitimacy. It thus serves as a reading guide for the book’s core argument: platforms redefine both visibility and everydayness in global politics, transforming the ways conflicts and diplomacy are enacted and perceived.