This study investigates wear and defects in heavy truck braking systems based on service reports and experimental analysis of brake element wear under real operating conditions. The objectives are to identify and analyse factors influencing braking system defects and eliminate unforeseen failures, significantly decreasing road safety. The study presents and analyses cases of uneven wear and sudden malfunctions, some occurring without warning, directly affecting braking performance and traffic safety. Also, the study shows that eliminating such situations is essential for improving current performances and preparing for future braking systems that can equip autonomous vehicles where no errors are accepted.