Red mudRed mud is an alkaline waste generated during aluminaAlumina production. It has been stockpiled in large quantities due to the lack of technically and economically feasible treatment methods. Meanwhile, TiO2 sulfuric acid waste is an industrial sulfuric acid waste produced in the titanium dioxide manufacturing process. Therefore, TiO2 sulfuric acid waste was used to treat red mudRed mud in this study, and the leaching behavior of Al, Si, Na, and Fe containing components in red mudRed mud was investigated. Results show that under the conditions of reaction temperature of 60 °C, reaction time of 60 min, and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 8, the Al, Si, and Na containing components can be selectively leached from red mudRed mud by TiO2 sulfuric acid waste, and the component of Fe2O3 can be increased from 23.24 to 48.45%, achieving the efficient enrichment and comprehensive utilization of Fe components. This work may provide an important reference for the synergistic disposal of red mudRed mud and TiO2 sulfuric acid waste.